Paint the Paper Pink

Breast Reconstruction Surgery

[October 26, 2026] 

If you have surgery as part of your breast cancer treatment, you may choose reconstruction to rebuild the shape and look of your breast. Several types of breast reconstruction are available. Learn about your options and what to expect before and after surgery.

When does reconstruction happen?

• Immediate reconstruction: You might be able to have breast reconstruction at the same time as your breast cancer surgery.

• Delayed reconstruction: Some people need to wait until later, or choose to do so.

Some people choose to wait, especially if they don’t want to make decisions during treatment or don’t want extra surgery right away. But keep in mind that the results of your reconstruction may be different depending on whether you have it right away or wait until later. Your surgeon can help you understand your options and what to expect.

Should I get breast reconstruction surgery?

Many people choose to have reconstruction surgery after breast cancer, but it might not be right for everyone. People choose breast reconstruction for many reasons. For example, you might have reconstruction to:

• Make your chest look balanced when you wear a bra or swimsuit
• Help make your clothes fit better
• Regain your breast shape without using an external breast form (breast prosthesis)
• Feel better about your body

Possible risks

As with any surgery, it’s also important to consider the potential risks and side effects. Breast reconstruction may cause unique problems for some people. Your surgeon will go over these risks with you. Be sure to ask questions if you are unsure about anything.

You can learn more about the possible risks in What to Expect After Breast Reconstruction Surgery on the American Cancer Society website.

Healing after surgery

Many things can affect how you heal after breast reconstruction surgery, such as past surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, smoking, diabetes, or weight. Poor blood flow can cause part of the tissue to die. This is called necrosis. It can slow down your healing and may need more surgery.

Because of these risks, you may need to wait before having reconstruction. Quitting smoking at least 2 months before surgery can help healing. In some cases, reconstruction may not be recommended.

What will my breasts look like after surgery?

Breast reconstruction often leaves scars, but these usually fade over time. Newer methods have also reduced the amount of scarring. When you wear a bra after reconstruction, your breasts should be relatively alike in size and shape.

It’s important to know that your reconstructed breast may not look exactly how you expect. You can ask your surgeon to show you examples of people who’ve had reconstruction. This can give you a better idea of what to expect.

Keep in mind that your reconstructed breast will not be a perfect match or substitute for your natural breast. A rebuilt breast will not feel the same to the touch as a natural breast. You may also have little or no feeling in the breast.

Talking with your plastic surgeon can help you understand what is realistic.

You might also choose to have surgery on the other breast, so both sides look more alike. This is called a symmetrizing procedure. It may include lifting, reducing, or enlarging the other breast.

What other changes should I expect?

If tissue from your belly, back, thigh, or buttocks was used as part of the reconstruction, those areas will also look different after surgery.

Before you make your decision, talk with your surgeon about scars and changes in the shape or contour of your body. Ask where these scars and changes will be and how they will look and feel after they heal.

Can a reconstructed breast hide cancer or make it come back?

Studies show that reconstruction does not make breast cancer come back. If the cancer does come back, reconstructed breasts should not cause problems finding the cancer or treating it.

• Reconstruction rarely hides a return of breast cancer.

• This is true for both reconstruction with an implant and reconstruction with your own tissue (tissue flap).

• You should not consider this a big risk when deciding to have breast reconstruction.

Finding the right plastic surgeon

Your breast surgeon can help you find a plastic surgeon who should be able to explain all your choices and answer your questions. Your plastic surgeon and breast surgeon will work together to coordinate your care.

If time allows, consider getting a second opinion before having surgery. This can give you more information about your options and help you feel more confident about your choice.
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 To find a board-certified plastic surgeon in your area, or to find out if your surgeon is board certified, contact the American Board of Plastic Surgeons.

Questions to ask before breast reconstruction

Understanding your options


• Can I have breast reconstruction?

• When do you recommend I have it?

• Will it interfere with chemotherapy or radiation therapy?

• What types of reconstruction could I have?
 

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• Am I a candidate for a direct implant, or is a tissue expander a better option?

• I am very active. Would it be better to have the implant or expander placed above the muscle?

• Am I a candidate to use my own tissue (flap procedure)? If so, what type of flap?

• If I need radiation, will that affect my reconstruction? What is the timeline?

• Am I a candidate for nipple-sparing mastectomy?

• Am I a candidate for nerve-sparing mastectomy?

• What are the risks and benefits of each option?

• How many of these surgeries do you do each year?

• Are there any new reconstruction options or clinical trials that I should know about?

• Is this covered by my insurance?

What to expect

• What will my reconstructed breast look like?

• Can you show me photos of typical results?

• How will the breast feel to the touch? Will I have any feeling in it?

• Should I consider surgery on the other breast to help them look alike?

• Could I have the nipple reconstructed if I choose?

• What kinds of changes to the breast can I expect over time?

• Will I need more surgery in a few years because of possible complications?

For tissue flap surgery

• Will there be pain, scars, or other changes in the parts of my body where the tissue is taken from?

• Will I also need an implant to give the reconstructed breast a better shape?

For implant surgery

• How long will my implant last?

• Will the implant be smooth or textured? Saline or silicone?

• Will I need extra imaging tests depending on the type of implant I get?

Recovering from surgery

• How long will I be in the hospital after surgery?

• How long would it take me to recover?

• How much discomfort or pain will I feel?

• What possible problems should I know about?

• If I have diabetes, will it affect my healing?

• If I’m still smoking, will it affect my healing?

• What should I do if my arm swells?

• Will I need blood transfusions?

• How will I care for my surgical scars (incisions)?

• Will I have a drain to let fluid out of the wound?

• How much help will I need at home?

• Will I do exercises after surgery? When can I start them?

• When can I go back to my usual activities like driving and working?

Understanding costs and insurance coverage

Under the Women’s Health and Cancer Rights Act (WHCRA) and other federal laws, most health insurance plans that cover the cost of a mastectomy must also cover breast reconstruction. In the past, some health plans have denied coverage despite these laws. Your surgeon may be able to help you if your insurance plan wants to deny coverage.

Ask your insurance company if they will pay for your reconstruction surgery. See if there are any limits on what types of reconstruction they cover, and find out if you have to pay any part of the bill yourself.

• Health insurance often pays for most or all of the cost of reconstruction after a mastectomy.

• This is not always the case for reconstruction after breast-conserving surgery, such as lumpectomy or partial mastectomy.

Help and support from someone who’s been there

Support and guidance are available to help you understand your reconstruction options and cope with the changes you're going through. Talking with your healthcare team is a good place to start.

If you’d like to connect with someone who had a similar type of reconstruction, you can download the ACS CARES app.

Through ACS CARES, you can choose to be matched with a breast cancer survivor who is trained to support others. They will share their experience, offer advice, and suggest helpful resources as you consider or go through reconstruction.

Taken from the American Cancer Society website
 

 

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