Musk came to Washington wielding a chain saw. He leaves behind upheaval
and unmet expectations
[May 30, 2025]
Elon Musk arrived in the nation’s capital with the chain saw-wielding
swagger of a tech titan who had never met a problem he couldn’t solve
with lots of money, long hours or a well-calibrated algorithm.
President Donald Trump was delighted to have the world’s richest person
— and a top campaign donor — working in his administration, talking
about how he was “a smart guy” who “really cares for our country.”
Musk was suddenly everywhere — holding forth in Cabinet meetings while
wearing a “tech support” shirt and black MAGA hat, hoisting his young
son on his shoulders in the Oval Office, flying aboard Air Force One,
sleeping in the White House. Democrats described the billionaire
entrepreneur as Trump’s “co-president.”
Now that’s over. Musk said this week that he’s leaving his job as a
senior adviser, an announcement that came after he revealed his plan to
curtail political donations and he criticized the centerpiece of Trump’s
legislative agenda.
It’s a quiet exit after a turbulent entrance, and he’s trailed by
upheaval and unmet expectations. Thousands of people were
indiscriminately laid off or pushed out — hundreds of whom had to be
rehired — and some federal agencies were eviscerated.
But no one has been prosecuted for the fraud. Musk reduced his target
for cutting spending from $2 trillion to $1 trillion to $150 billion,
and even that goal may not be reached.
Musk got a seat at Trump’s table and put $250 million behind his
campaign
Musk deployed software engineers who burrowed into sensitive databases,
troubling career officials who sometimes chose to resign rather than go
along. Trump brushed off concerns about Musk’s lack of experience in
public service or conflicts of interest from his billions of dollars in
federal contracts.
His language was that of catastrophism. Excessive spending was a crisis
that could only be solved by drastic measures, Musk claimed, and “if we
don’t do this, America will go bankrupt.”
But even though he talked about his work in existential terms, he
treated the White House like a playground. He brought his children to a
meeting with the Indian prime minister. He let the president turn the
driveway into a makeshift Tesla showroom to help boost sales. He
installed an oversized screen in his office that he occasionally used to
play video games.
Musk did not give federal workers the benefit of the doubt
From the beginning, Musk treated federal workers with contempt. At best,
they were inefficient; at worst, they were committing fraud.
His team offered them a “fork in the road,” meaning they could get paid
to quit. Probationary employees, generally people new on the job without
full civil service protection, were shown the door.
Anyone who stayed faced escalating demands, such as what became known as
the “five things” emails. Musk wanted every government employee to
submit a list of five things they accomplished in the previous week, and
he claimed that “failure to respond will be taken as a resignation.”
One day in February, Musk posted “CFPB RIP,” plus an emoji of a
tombstone. The headquarters of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau,
created after the Great Recession to protect Americans from fraud and
deceptive practices, was shut down and employees were ordered to stop
working.
Musk had already started gutting the U.S. Agency for International
Development, a pillar of the country’s foreign policy establishment and
the world’s largest provider of humanitarian assistance.
“Spent the weekend feeding USAID into a wood chipper,” he bragged.
The Food and Drug Administration, which is responsible for ensuring the
safety of everything from baby formula to biotech drugs, planned to lay
off 3,500 employees. But the agency was forced to rehire people who were
initially deemed expendable.
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Vanessa Gonzalez joins other protesters carrying signs and chanting
slogans outside a Tesla showroom and service center in the North
Hollywood section of Los Angeles, March 15, 2025. (AP Photo/Richard
Vogel, File)
Commissioner Marty Makary, who started his job after many of the
cuts took place, told attendees at a recent conference that “it was
hard and my job is to make sure we can heal from that.”
There are also concerns about safety on public lands. The National
Park Service has been bleeding staff, leaving fewer people to
maintain trails, clean restrooms and guide visitors. More cuts at
the Forest Service could undermine efforts to prevent and fight
wildfires.
The Environmental Protection Agency faces a broad overhaul, such as
gutting the Office of Research and Development, which was
responsible for improving air pollution monitoring and discovering
harmful chemicals in drinking water.
Not even low-profile organizations were exempt. Trump ordered the
downsizing of the U.S. Institute of Peace, a nonprofit think tank
created by Congress, and Musk’s team showed up to carry out his
plan. The organizations’ leaders were deposed, then reinstated after
a court battle.
Musk made little headway at the top sources of federal spending
Thousands of civilian workers were pushed out at the Pentagon, and
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth is reducing the ranks of top generals
and looking to consolidate various commands and save money.
However, the Pentagon budget would increase by $150 billion, for a
total of more than $900 billion, under Trump’s spending proposal
working its way through Congress.
Musk also faced blowback for targeting Social Security, which
provides monthly benefits to retirees and some children. He
suggested that the popular program was “a Ponzi scheme” and the
government could save between $500 billion and $700 billion by
tackling waste and fraud.
His popularity cratered even though Americans often agreed with his
premise that the federal government is bloated and wasteful,
according to polling from The Associated Press-NORC Center for
Public Affairs Research.
Just 33% of U.S. adults had a favorable view of Musk in April, down
from 41% in December. In addition, 65% said Musk had too much
influence over the federal government.
Musk talked of staggering savings but delivered modest results
During a campaign rally in October, Musk said he could find “at
least $2 trillion” in spending cuts. In January, before Trump was
inaugurated, he revised by saying, “if we try for $2 trillion, we’ve
got a good shot at getting one.”
But in April, at a Cabinet meeting, Musk provided a different
target. He was “excited to announce” that they could reach $150
billion in savings during the current fiscal year.
In the end, said Alex Nowrasteh, vice president for economic and
social policy studies for the libertarian think tank Cato Institute,
“they set themselves up for failure.”
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Associated Press writers Tom Beaumont in Des Moines and Lolita
Baldor, Matthew Daly, Gary Fields, Fatima Hussein, Ellen Knickmeyer,
Matthew Perrone, Michelle Price and Amelia Thomson DeVeaux in
Washington contributed to this report.
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